Biography of Charlotte Perkins Gilman, American Novelist

Charlotte Perkins Gilman (July 3, 1860–August 17, 1935) was an American novelist and humanist. She was an outspoken lecturer, passionate about social reform, and notable for her views as a utopian feminist. Fast Facts: Charlotte Perkins Gilman Also Known As: Charlotte Perkins StetsonKnown For:  Novelist and activist for feminist reformBorn:  July 3, 1860 in Hartford, ConnecticutParents:  Frederic Beecher Perkins and Mary Fitch WescottDied: August 17, 1935 in Pasadena, CaliforniaSpouses:  Charles Walter Stetson (m. 1884–94), Houghton Gilman (m. 1900–1934)Children: Katharine Beecher StetsonSelected Works: The Yellow Wallpaper (1892), In This Our World (1893), Women and Economics  (1898), The Home: Its Work and Influence (1903),Notable Quote:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"It is not that women are really smaller-minded, weaker-minded, more timid and vacillating, but that whosoever, man or woman, lives always in a small, dark place, is always guarded, protected, directed and restrained, will become inevitably narrowed and weakened by it.† Early Life Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born on July 3, 1860, in Hartford, Connecticut, as the first daughter and second child of Mary Perkins (nee Mary Fitch Westcott) and Frederic Beecher Perkins. She had one brother, Thomas Adie Perkins, who was just over a year older than her. Although families at the time tended to be much larger than two children, Mary Perkins was advised to not have any more children at risk of her health or even her life. When Gilman was still a small child, her father abandoned his wife and children, leaving them essentially destitute. Mary Perkins did her best to support her family, but she was unable to provide on her own. As a result, they spent a great deal of time with her father’s aunts, who included education activist Catharine Beecher, suffragist Isabella Beecher Hooker, and, most notably, Harriet Beecher Stowe, the author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Gilman was largely isolated during her childhood in Providence, Rhode Island, but she was highly self-motivated and read extensively. Despite her natural and boundless curiosity—or, perhaps, especially because of it—Gilman was often a source of frustration to her teachers because she was a rather poor student. She was, however, particularly interested in the study of physics, even more so than history or literature. At the age of 18, in 1878, she enrolled herself at the Rhode Island School of Design, supported financially by her father, who had resumed contact enough to help out with finances, but not enough to truly be a presence in her life. With this education, Gilman was able to carve out a career for herself as an artist for trade cards, which were ornate precursors to the modern business card, advertising for businesses and directing clients to their stores. She also worked as a tutor and an artist. Marriage and Emotional Turmoil In 1884, Gilman, aged 24, married Charles Walter Stetson, a fellow artist. At first, she rejected his proposal, having had a deep-seated feeling that the marriage would not be a good choice for her. However, she did accept his proposal eventually. Their only child, a daughter named Katharine, was born in March 1885. Charlotte Perkins Gilman circa 1890.   Hulton Archive / Getty Images Becoming a mother had a profound impact on Gilman, but not in the way society expected. She was already prone to depression, and after giving birth, she suffered from severe postpartum depression. At the time, the medical profession was not equipped to deal with such complaints; indeed, in an era where women were considered â€Å"hysterical† beings by their very nature, their health problems were often dismissed as mere nerves or overexertion. This is precisely what happened to Gilman, and it would become a formative influence on her writing and her activism. By 1887, Gilman wrote in her journals about such intense inner suffering that she was unable to even care for herself. Dr. Silas Weir Mitchell was summoned to help, and he prescribed a â€Å"rest cure,† which essentially required that she give up all creative pursuits, keep her daughter with her at all times, avoid any activities that required mental exertions, and live a totally sedentary lifestyle. Instead of curing her, these restrictions—prescribed by Miller and enforced by her husband—only made her depression worse, and she began to have suicidal thoughts. Ultimately, she and her husband decided that a separation was the best solution to allow Gilman to heal without causing more harm to herself, him, or their daughter. They separated in 1888—a rarity and a scandal for the era—and eventually finalized a divorce six years later, i n 1894. Upon moving away in 1888, Gilman’s depression began to lift, and she embarked on a steady recovery. Gilman’s experience with depression and her first marriage influenced her writing heavily. Short Stories and Feminist Exploration (1888-1902) Art Gems for the Home and Fireside (1888)The Yellow Wallpaper (1899)In This Our World (1893)The Elopement (1893)The Impress (1894-1895; home to several poems and short stories)Women and Economics  (1898) After leaving her husband, Gilman made some major personal and professional changes. During that first year of separation, she met Adeline â€Å"Delle† Knapp, who became her close friend and companion. The relationship was, most likely, romantic, with Gilman believing that she could perhaps have a successful, lifelong relationship with a woman, rather than her failed marriage to a man. The relationship ended, and she moved, along with her daughter, to Pasadena, California, where she became active in several feminist and reformist organizations. After starting to support herself and Katharine as a door-to-door soap saleswoman, she eventually became an editor for the Bulletin, a journal put out by one of her organizations. Gilmans first book was Art Gems for the Home and Fireside (1888), but her most famous story wouldn’t be written until two years later. In June 1890, she spent two days writing the short story that would become The Yellow Wallpaper; it wouldn’t be published until 1892, in the January issue of The New England Magazine. To this day, it remains the most popular and most acclaimed work of hers. The Yellow Wallpaper depicts a woman’s struggle with mental illness and obsession with a room’s ugly wallpaper after she has been confined to her room for three months for her health, on her husband’s orders. The story is, quite obviously, inspired by Gilman’s own experiences with being prescribed a â€Å"rest cure,† which was exactly the opposite of what she—and her story’s protagonist—needed. Gilman sent a copy of the published story to Dr. Mitchell, who had prescribed that â€Å"cure† for her. Flyer for a lecture by Gilman, circa 1917.   Ken Florey Suffrage Collection / Getty Images For 20 weeks in 1894 and 1895, Gilman served as the editor of The Impress, a literary magazine published weekly by the Pacific Coast Womens Press Association. Along with being the editor, she contributed poems, short stories, and articles. Her non-traditional lifestyle—as an unashamed single mother and a divorcee—turned off many readers, however, and the magazine soon shuttered. Gilman embarked on a four-month lecture tour in early 1897, leading her to think more about the roles of sexuality and economics in American life. Based on this, she wrote Women and Economics, published in 1898. The book focused on the role of women, both in the private and public spheres. With recommendations on changing accepted practices of child-rearing, housekeeping, and other domestic tasks, Gilman advocated for ways to take some domestic pressure off women so that they could participate more fully in public life. Editor of Her Own (1903-1916) The Home: Its Work and Influence (1903)The Forerunner (1909 - 1916; published dozens of stories and articles)â€Å"What Diantha Did (1910)The Crux (1911)Moving the Mountain (1911) Herland (1915) In 1903, Gilman wrote The Home: Its Work and Influence, which became one of her most critically acclaimed works. It was a sequel or expansion of sorts on Women and Economics, proposing outright that women needed the opportunity to expand their horizons. She recommended that women be permitted to expand their environments and experiences in order to maintain good mental health. From 1909 to 1916, Gilman was the sole writer and editor of her own magazine, The Forerunner, in which she published countless stories and articles. With her publication, she specifically hoped to present an alternative to the highly sensationalized mainstream newspapers of the day. Instead, she wrote content that was intended to spark thought and hope. Over the course of seven years, she produced 86 issues and gained around 1,500 subscribers who were fans of the works appearing (often in serialized form) in the magazine, including â€Å"What Diantha Did (1910), The Crux (1911), Moving the Mountain (1911), and Herland (1915). Poster of Gilman advertising a lecture, 1917.   Ken Florey Suffrage Collection/Getty Images Many of the works she published during this time depicted the feminist improvements to society that she advocated, with women taking on leadership and depicting stereotypically female qualities as positives, not objects of scorn. These works also largely advocated for women working outside the home and for the sharing of domestic tasks equally between husbands and wives. During this period, Gilman revived her own romantic life as well. In 1893, she had contacted her cousin Houghton Gilman, a Wall Street attorney, and they began a correspondence. In time, they fell in love, and they began spending time together whenever her schedule permitted it. They married in 1900, in what was a much more positive marital experience for Gilman than her first marriage, and they lived in New York City until 1922. Lecturer for Social Activism (1916-1926) After her run of The Forerunner ended, Gilman did not cease writing. Instead, she continually submitted articles to other publications, and her writing ran in several of them, including the Louisville Herald,  The Baltimore Sun, and the  Buffalo Evening News.  She also began work on her autobiography, titled The Living of Charlotte Perkins Gilman, in 1925; it was not published until after her death in 1935. In the years after the shuttering of The Forerunner, Gilman continued to travel and lecture as well. She also published one more full-length book, Our Changing Morality, in 1930. In 1922, Gilman and her husband moved back to his homestead in Norwich, Connecticut, and they lived there for the next 12 years. Houghton died unexpectedly in 1934 after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage, and Gilman returned to Pasadena, where her daughter Katharine still lived. Gilman addressing members of the Federation of Womens Club in 1916.   Bettmann / Getty Images In the final years of her life, Gilman wrote significantly less than before. Aside from Our Changing Morality, she only published three articles after 1930, all of which dealt with social issues. Ironically, her final publication, which came in 1935, was titled â€Å"The Right to Die† and was an argument in favor of the right of the dying to choose when to die rather than suffer a drawn-out illness. Literary Style and Themes First and foremost, Gilman’s work deals with themes relevant to the lives and social condition of women. She believed that the patriarchal society, and the limitations of women to domestic life in particular, oppressed women and kept them from reaching their potential. In fact, she tied the need for women to no longer be oppressed to the very survival of society, arguing that society could not progress with half the population underdeveloped and oppressed. Her stories, therefore, depicted women who took on roles of leadership that would typically belong to men and did a good job. Notably, Gilman was somewhat in conflict with other leading feminist voices of her era because she viewed stereotypically feminine traits in a positive light. She expressed frustration with the gendered socialization of children and the expectation that a woman be happy about being restricted to a domestic (and sexual) role, but did not devalue them the way that men and some feminist women did. Instead, she used her writings to show women using their traditionally devalued qualities to show strength and a positive future. One of Gilmans Votes for Mothers postcards, circa 1900.   Ken Florey Suffrage Collection/ Getty Images Her writings, however, were not progressive in all senses. Gilman wrote of her conviction that black Americans were inherently inferior and had not progressed at the same rate as their white counterparts (although she did not contemplate the role those same white counterparts might have played in slowing said progress). Her solution was, essentially, a more polite form of enslavement: forced labor for black Americans, only to be paid wages once the costs of the labor program were covered. She also suggested that British-descended Americans were being bred out of existence by influxes of immigrants. For the most part, these views were not expressed in her fiction, but ran through her articles. Death In January 1932, Gilman was diagnosed with breast cancer. Her prognosis was terminal, but she lived for another three years. Even prior to her diagnosis, Gilman had advocated for the option of euthanasia for the terminally ill, which she put into action for her own end-of-life plans. She left a note behind, stating that she â€Å"chose chloroform over cancer,† and on August 17, 1935, she quietly ended her own life with an overdose of chloroform. Legacy For the most part, Gilman’s legacy has largely been focused on her views on gender roles in the home and in society. By far, her best known work is the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† which is popular in literature classes in high school and college. In some ways, she left behind a remarkably progressive legacy for her time: she advocated for women to be allowed full participation in society, pointed out the frustrating double standard women of her time were held to, and did so without criticizing or devaluing stereotypically feminine traits and actions. However, she also left behind a legacy of more controversial beliefs. Gilman’s work has been continually published in the century since her death. Literary critics have largely focused on her short stories, poems, and nonfiction book-length works, with less interest in her published articles. Still, she left behind an impressive body of work and remains a cornerstone of many American literature studies. Sources Davis, Cynthia J.  Charlotte Perkins Gilman: A Biography. Stanford University Press, 2010. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. The Living of Charlotte Perkins Gilman: An Autobiography.  New York and London: D. Appleton-Century Co., 1935; NY: Arno Press, 1972; and Harper Row, 1975.Knight, Denise D., ed. The Diaries of Charlotte Perkins Gilman,  2 vols. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1994.

Review of the Article How to Avoid the Repercussions of...

Summary How to avoid the repercussions of negligent hiring (Anonymous, October 2006) mainly tries to help employers avoid successful lawsuits by avoiding hiring the wrong person in the first place. In the article, the wrong person is defined as a violent person or a person whose criminal background can affect his/her work, particularly if the person does not reveal that criminal background. If the wrong person is hired, the employer could be sued by the employee or by other people who have to deal with that employee, and litigation for negligent hiring of the wrong person is an area of employment litigation that is growing fast. If an employer is sued for negligence, win or lose, the employer will have to go through litigation, pay attorneys fees and risk negative publicity; consequently, the ideal is to avoid the suit completely. In order to avoid those negligence suits or win them when they are brought, employers must use due diligence in hiring. The author first talks about due diligence by defining its opposite: An organization can be sued for negligence if it hires someone it knew, or, in the exercise of reasonable care, should have known was dangerous, unfit, or unqualified for the job (Anonymous, October 2006, p. 4). The author says that juries tend to think that If you could have known, you should have known (Anonymous, October 2006, p. 4). Also, the author says that due diligence by public employers is defined by statute but due diligence forShow MoreRelatedBusiness and Consumer Law17552 Words   |  71 Pagescontract. Objective standard test: the test based on how a reasonable person would view the matter. Equal Bargaining Power: The Capacity for businesses to look out for themselves with regards to their interests. Business relationships: Contract law is narrow in scope in the sense that it is usually regarding one time business dealings, and does not focus on long term relationships. One has to know when to pursue a lawsuit and when to let it go based on how valuable the relationship is with another is.Read MoreContract Law Assignment 36699 Words   |  27 PagesThis assignment involves me: * Explaining the law with respect to consumer protection * Analysing how consumers are protected in the event of a breach of contract for sale of goods * Describing remedies available for breach of contract * Analysing the remedies available to a business provider in the event of a breach of contract for the supply of goods or services Task 1 Heep Ltd want to leave some lorries for two weeks at micawbers garage, the following morning heep received aRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesUnderstanding Cultural Environments 4 The Changing World of Technology What Is a Knowledge Worker? 6 How Technology Affects HRM Practices 6 Recruiting 7 Employee Selection 7 Training and Development 7 Ethics and Employee Rights 7 Motivating Knowledge Workers 7 Paying Employees Market Value 8 Communications 8 Decentralized Work Sites 8 Skill Levels 8 A Legal Concern 8 Employee Involvement 20 How Organizations Involve Employees 20 Employee Involvement Implications for HRM 20 Other HRM ChallengesRead MoreWaste Management33554 Words   |  135 Pagesanalyzing the fall of two giants inS tr uc t ional o b je c t ive S [1] c a s e 4.1 Mark S. Beasley  · Frank A. Buckless  · Steven M. Glover  · Douglas F. Prawitt [2] [3] To help students understand what happened at Enron Corporation and how Andersen’s involvement with Enron led to the accounting firm’s downfall. To enhance students’ appreciation of the importance of understanding an audit client’s core business strategies. To develop students’ understanding of the role of confidence, reputationRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology 14 †¢ Social Psychology 14 †¢ Sociology 14 †¢ Anthropology 14 There Are Few Absolutes inRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 PagesSUMMARY OF THE CASE ANALYSIS PROCESS Case analysis is an essential part of a strategic management course and is also perhaps the most entertaining part of such a course. The ‘full story’ that follows this summary gives you considerable detail about how to go about a case analysis, but for now here is a brief account. Before we start, a word about attitude – make it a real exercise. You have a set of historical facts; use a rigorous system to work out what strategies should be followed. All the cases

Pestle Analysis Of An Organization Singtel Case Study

Question: What is Pestle analysis? Describe some of the important points, which will concentrate towards the development process of proper managerial activities of the selected organization. Answer: Introduction The present assignment will focus on some of the important points, which will concentrate towards the development process of proper managerial activities of the selected organization. Singtel is the chosen organization in the study. Singtel is one of the largest telecommunication markets in entire Singapore. The assignment will focus towards development process of a proper situation analysis tool, which includes PESTEL Analysis, as well as Porters 5 forces. There are certain organizational as well as managerial objectivities which majority of the companies depending upon the nature of the business tries to accomplish in the firm operations. All these marketing tools contribute a significant portion towards a development of a proper marketing plan. The selected organization in the business operates its business in the telecommunication sector of the country. The telecom sector in Singapore falls under the notion of the oligopoly market structure where there are few numbers of sellers operating their business in the same industry and the most important point is the decision making the power of one firm affects the decision making the power of the other firm (Aaker, 2013). To evaluate all the business activity of the organization in a proper manner, the company needs to develop an appropriate market plan by assessing these entire marketing tools in a significant way. Pestel Analysis PESTEL Analysis is one of the most crucial marketing tools, which are required by a different organization to scan the external environment (Baggini, 2012). There are six factors in this particular marketing tool, which have the distinct contribution in the overall plans and proceedings of the management. Pestel Analysis is a perfect situation analysis tool which management of different organization and policy makers applies towards organizing a proper business activity. Political Factor The first factor is the Political factor in this particular marketing tool. The political condition of Singapore is very much stable and it is an ideal place towards organizing a different business. It is a democratic country (Cateora, Gilly, Graham, 2013). The government develops different regulations, which guides the organization in a variety of ways towards having arranged a proper business structure. Some of the key elements, which are identified in the political factor, include government policies based on various kinds industry policies, laws and legislation, tax policies, trade restrictions and application of the different kinds of traffics (Collins, 2012). Economic Factor The second factor is the economic factor, which the organization needs to analyze to conclude a proper managerial procedure. Singapore is a corruption-free environment, which supports different kinds of business activities. Singapore falls among the most competitive countries in the world (Finch, 2012). The economic factor, which this particular organization is looking at, begins from wider economy, which includes economic growth as well as economic prospects, economic growth, interest rate changes as well as inflation and deflation rate. Social Factor The third factor is the social element of this particular marketing tool, which will allow the organization to identify all the social needs, which often looks at cultural aspects such as health consciousness, demographic factors, age distributions, and changes in the trends as well as buying patterns of the customers (Homann, Koslowski, Lutge, 2007). The fast changing lifestyles of different people are focusing telecom companies on enlarging the complete services in the country. Technological Factor The fourth factor is the technological factor, which mainly relates to various applications of modern inventions, which include the use of different Research and development, special incentives as well as technological changes (Hood, 2013). In current generations, the diverse use of the telecommunication sector has provided one of the significant breakthroughs in the lifestyle of the people. Environmental Factor The fifth factor includes the application of the environmental factor. The application of the environment factor needs to emphasize towards maintaining a pollution free business environment. The environmental analysis of any industry based on nature as well as an objective of the company needs to analyze environmental ethics and environmental working conditions. Legal Factor The final factor is the right element of the country, which includes the notion of the following all the rules as well as regulations of the telecom authority of Singapore. The legal framework, which is developed by the governing sector of the telecommunication authority, is under the framework and the legislation of the Union government of Singapore. The telecom industry of Singapore maintains particular legal framework converging services like the internet, radio, voice mail, VOIP, E-commerce, and mobile communication (Institute of Leadership Mana, 2012). Porters 5 Force Porters 5 forces are an important marketing tool, which allows the different organization to scan a proper positioning mapping of the company in the marketplace. Five factors need to be analyzed in an appropriate manner to evaluate this particular marketing tool in the overall business operations (Kotler Armstrong, 2012). The following part of the study will investigate the five factors in the porters five forces tool. Threats of substitution of products and services, threats of new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, and rivalry power are the five top factors that are required by Single to develop a proper business plan and managerial procedures. The telecommunication sector is one of the fast growing industries in Singapore. Buyers Power The first point, which needs to be analyzed, is the power of the buyer. Customers switching cost and buyers information are the two factors, which affects bargaining power of the buyers. Lower cost of switching, as well as low cost of new connection cost and mobile number portability, are the three factors, which are the significant point in the purchasing decisions of the buyers (Kurtz Boone, 2012). On the other hand, users get sufficient information regarding the availability of other options. All these mentioned points indicate towards big customers power. Suppliers Power The second aspect, which is analyzed, is the power of suppliers. There is a price war happening between different mobile operators. On the other hand, the price is one of the most crucial factors towards developing proper managerial activities (Potter, 2012). The suppliers are chosen carefully in order to drag down the profitability of the organization in an efficient manner. Therefore, fewer providers in the telecommunication industry have less bargaining power in the entire telecommunication industry. The three factors, which affect suppliers power, are mobile tower companies, SIM cards, and cell phone handsets. Threats of substitution The concept of threats of the substation is the third point in this particular analysis tool which includes buyers propensity to substitute, relative prices, and performance of substitution are the three key points to conclude the idea of replacements. The telecommunication sector in Singapore is one of the fastest growing industries in the country. The decision making a power of the buyers is diversified, as there is more than one firm in this particular industry doing the same business. If the customers are not satisfied with the service, which one company, this particular group, provides will quickly shift to the next best alternatives to satisfy the demands and wants. Internet users are increased day by day as compared with the GSM services. Voice quality is getting better with internet telephony, as compared with the general mobile network, the cost of VOIP is very much less (Pride, 2012). This is another significant factor, which concludes the concept of substitution in the pre sent business situation. Threats of new entrants The fourth point is the idea of Threats of Entry. However, in the oligopoly, market structures the entry as well as the exit is very much limited and it is not restricted. There are few numbers of firms, which operates its business in this particular marker structure. Capital requirements towards maintaining a proper operational business management of the telecom industry actively or passively is very much high. Access to fiber optics is another significant point which in the notion of the substation for the selected organization (Pride, Hughes, Kapoor, 2012). Technological change, as well as technological advancement, is one of the crucial points that which substitutes access to an optical fiber network. There are some government and legal barriers in Singapore, which different kinds operators including Singtel needs to follow towards developing a proper business structure. Rivalry Power Rivalry power is the final point that needs to be focused on this particular tool. The decision making the power of one firm is hugely affected by the decision making the power of the other firm. All the time the firms are in a price war to maintain a healthy and a proper customer base system. For Strategic Recommendations The recommendation part of the assignment will focus towards concluding four major recommendations that will be helpful towards the development process of a proper marketing strategy (Thorson Duffy, 2012). The following part of the job will focus on what are the different kinds of key strategies that the organization needs to develop in the overall managerial operations. Developing a proper decision making activities The decision-making activity is one of the most crucial parts in this particular market structure. As discussed at the beginning of the assignment, the telecommunication sector of Singapore falls under the notion of the oligopoly market structure. The concept of the oligopoly market structure maintains different features of the market. In this particular market structure, there are few sellers with a large number of buyers (Werhane, 2012). The most crucial point is to develop a proper decision making activity as the decision of one firm hugely affects the decision making of the other companies. To implement an appropriate decision making activities, the company needs to analyze as well as develop appropriate research works and process to conclude towards the best implementation of the decision making of the enterprise. Pricing Decision In any market structure if the purchasing decisions of the buyers are enhanced, then the organization need to focus towards developing proper pricing strategies. Pricing strategy is one of the most crucial parts of every business organization (Baggini, 2012). Singtel is one of the most common telecommunication industries, which operates its business both in the national as well as in the global boundary, which maintains a huge customer base. The development process of a proper pricing decision will enhance the business operation of the selected organization in a diversified manner. Sound Consumer Relationship Management To diversify the business processes, Singtel needs to develop an appropriate feedback system. There are certain positive applications towards the development of an appropriate feedback system, which will focus on a proper customer relationship management (Aaker, 2013). If the customers are satisfied and happy with the service, the company will get benefited in certain ways and it will generate automatically sales the overall profit as well as profit of the organization. Proper technological advancement The final point of the study will focus towards the application of an appropriate technological progress. If the company develops and maintain an adequate technological advancement, the customers of the organization Singtel will be benefited in particular ways (Cateora, Gilly, Graham, 2013). The company needs to develop different kinds of research and developing programmers, which will indicate about different kinds of positive impact towards the business proceeding of the organization. Conclusion The concluding part of the study will analyze all the relevant factors, which are required by the selected team to develop a proper business plan. Singtel is the organization, which operates its business in the telecommunication sector of Singapore. It is one of the largest telecom companies in the entire Singapore. The objective of the assignment is to focus on the key factors, which will guide the organization in a proper manner to develop active managerial plans and activities. Some of the necessary tools, which are highlighted in the study, are the application of the PESTEL Analysis as well as the application of the Porters 5 Forces. Both of the tools, which are used by the management, are required to develop a proper situation analysis process. The concluding part of the study will conclude about four recommendations, which will guide the organization to identify what are the crucial factors that need to be analyzed towards developing a proper business plan. Singapore is an appropriate country to organize different kinds of business plans and operations. With the help of this particular program of activities, the organization will be benefited in certain ways. Reference List Aaker, D. (2013).Marketing research. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Baggini, J. (2012).Ethics. London: Quercus. Cateora, P., Gilly, M., Graham, J. (2013).International marketing. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Collins, D. (2012).Business ethics. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Finch, J. (2012).Marketing Principles Essentials. Newburyport: Research Education Association. Homann, K., Koslowski, P., Lutge, C. (2007).Globalisation and business ethics. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. Hood, D. (2013).The marketing manifesto. London: Kogan Page. Institute of Leadership Mana, I. (2012).Marketing for Managers Super Series. Hoboken: Taylor Francis. Kotler, P. Armstrong, G. (2012).Principles of marketing. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kurtz, D. Boone, L. (2012).Principles of contemporary marketing. Australia: Southwestern Cengage Learning. Potter, N. (2012).The library marketing toolkit. London: Facet Publishing. Pride, W. (2012).Marketing principles. South Melbourne, Vic.: Cengage Learning. Pride, W., Hughes, R., Kapoor, J. (2012).Business. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Thorson, E. Duffy, M. (2012).Advertising age. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.